webdesign

设计师决胜商界

2008-04-17T08:11:00.000-07:00

《NewWebPick》电子杂志邀请全球500强企业中的企业领袖及资深市场总监，对设计师在商界中如何更好的服务客户，做出了以下十条忠告，希望做为设计师的您，通过这十条了解到普通商业客户真正需要的是什么。　　　　

10 Golden Rules for Designers in the Commercial World 　　
设计师决胜商界的十大金科玉律　　　　

1. Never engage in an argument or oppose the person who holds your cheque; he/she is probably more concerned about the outcome of your design than yourself. 　　
永不与付款给你的人争论或对抗，他/她们肯定比你更关心设计后的结果。　　　　

2. Things are not design oriented; your design will first and foremost be used to deliver a message to the market for your client, before it is an item of personal artistic expression. 　　
作品并非设计主导的，在为艺术家表达自己之前，你的设计首先及主要为你的客户用于传递一个市场信息。　　　　

3. Communicate patiently with your clients. Remember, they are not designers, so use their language to get your idea across. 　　
要有耐性和你的客户沟通。紧记他们并非设计师，故须用他们的语言来阐述你的观点。　　　　

4. I believe there is meaning and a story behind your designs and works, but if you don't put effort into telling me, how will I fully understand? 　　
我相信每个你的设计和作品背后都有一个意思和故事，但你不用心去说明，我又如何可完全明白呢? 　　　　

5. Respect the deadline; meeting it improves your credibility and will impact your career development. 　　
尊重期限时间，做到将可改善你的可信任度和增进你的事业发展。　　　　

6. People prefer to talk to someone who is presentable, meaning clean and tidy. Stylish doesn't have to mean unclean and untidy, do you catch my drift? 　　
人们喜欢与注重外型的人倾谈，意思是清洁及整齐。型格并非是肮脏及混乱，你能领略我的意思吗? 　　　　

7. Punctuality is important, it is important to anyone who is professional, which includes designers. 　　
守时是十分重要的，特别是专业人员，专业人员包括设计师。　　　　

8. Never get angry during the price negotiation process, it's just business and nothing to do with insulting your work. There is no reason 　　for them to do so anyway, if you really think about it. 　　
不要在讨论价钱过程中动怒，这只是商业而己，他们并非在羞辱你的作品。你要知道，他们并没有任何理由去做此事的。　　　　

9. Your reputation can be proved by business references or winning awards. Don't forget to win more awards, because it is what customers believe in. 　　
你的名气是来自商业推介或获取奖项。不要忘记去获取更多奖项，它会使顾客更相信你。　　　　

10. Never, ever, attempt to copy others' designs for any reason at all. It is a death sentence to any designer. 　　
无论任何理由，永不要企图抄袭别人的设计。这会是任何设计师死亡之路。

交互设计的基本原则

2007-07-14T17:47:00.000-07:00

征求最少的用户信息，通过高效的应用和服务操作最大化的工作。
回到原点，今天有空，再来温习一下交互设计的一些基本思路和原则，整理备份了一下，也方便大家学习交流：
Anticipation 预知用户需要的
在提供功能或运用之前，预想一下用户希望得到的工具或服务，并在任务的每一个阶段给予指导，这样会更容易抵达用户期望的目标。
Autonomy 协助用户自我管理
在通过简短的培训或向导以后，如果给予用户自我管理的权限，根据个人特点，最大化的发挥工具对个人的协助。 blog空间应该是最好的例子，因为拥有更多拥有者的感觉，所以用户会乐此不疲的把自己的空间维护好。
Color Blindness 不要以为所有的用户都能理解或看到颜色的暗示
这应该是对易用性 accessibility的补充，不过我想这对其他方面也同样适合，比如界面排版和交互功能设计等；
Consistency 界面的一致性
个人认为这是区别专业和用心的重要标志，特别对于交互设计，“试想用户能清晰的并一气呵成的完成整个交互任务，由此获得愉悦感受应该是对交互设计师最大的鼓励 ”试想用户能清晰的并一气呵成的完成整个交互任务，由此获得愉悦感受应该是对交互设计师最大的鼓励。
Defaults 设置默认状态
预设置的默认状态应该具有一定共通性和智能性，并对用户操作起到协助或提示的作用；另外，也应该留给用户修改和设置默认状态的权限。 Adobe的系列产品，开启时的默认界面是最好的例子。
Efficiency of the User 用户的效率
这个蛮重要的，要详细补充一下：
* 效率最终表现在用户的生产力上，而不是机器；
* 增强用户的可用率－用户的等待和闲置，就是对用户效率的浪费；
* 提升企业效率的最大化应该提高全体人员的效率，而不只是个别群体或部门；
* 软件效率提升的突破点应该着眼于系统的基本结构，而不只是外表的界面－所以软件工程师和人机界面设计师应该协同发掘系统的改善意见；
* 使帮助信息更贴近容易出现的问题区域；
Explorable Interfaces 使界面更容易浏览和导航
小到简单的视觉图标元素，大到完整的系统导航流程，都为用户提供亲切可靠的操作界面，可能的话也提供撤消或反相的操作功能（尽管我个人并不喜欢这个理念），最终让用户通过界面操作体会到家的亲切感受。
Fitts’ Law － Fitts 法则
通过缩短操作距离和增加目标尺寸来加速目标交互操作；
Human Interface Objects 人机界面对象
我对这个概念还不是很清楚，如果有人阅读下面转载的原文的，并对这个描述有自己理解的，请留言告知。
Latency Reduction 减少不必要的潜在等待时间
在任务交予系统处理或计算的时候，会有一段潜在的用户等待时间，一般我们会通过沙漏般的等待提示让用户知道现在正处于系统潜在工作状态，而不至于让用户频繁点击提交操作，使系统更慢，也或者合理通过多任务切换处理避免这样的等待间隔。无论何种手段，目的都是让用户回避这种的无效时间，而提高交互效率。
Learnability 具备学习能力
再好的软件也不能避免用户的适应阶段，除了要考虑如何容易使用，也应该考虑如何让用户快速的学习掌握。
Metaphors, Use of 使用隐喻
先说一个例子， windows里面的“公文包”就是一个很好的隐喻例子，因为它和人们熟悉的日常概念联系在一起，所以用户可以很容易的理解这是一个什么工具。所以好的隐喻可以起到快捷的说明作用。
Protect Users’ Work 保护用户的工作
“即使发生错误操作，也能帮助用户保存好之前的操作记录，避免用户重新再来，这个对于用户是再有用不过的了。好处自然是带来喜悦之余的可信和满意 ”即使发生错误操作，也能帮助用户保存好之前的操作记录，避免用户重新再来，这个对于用户是再有用不过的了。好处自然是带来喜悦之余的可信和满意。
Readability 可读性
字体大小、颜色、字体排列等，都决定可读性的好与坏。
Track State 跟踪状态
提供了解用户操作行为的途径，可以更好的帮助改善系统的操作
Visible Navigation 可见的导航
这个大家都知道了，不过作出好的显著导航还是不容易的，特别在有大量信息（图片，动画）的页面里，需要多研究调试和平衡相互关系。

International web design flow

2007-07-14T17:39:00.000-07:00

1. Initial Meeting, the site is to collect vital information, including the site of the target audience. to publish the contents. Web server platform; 2. concept development, According to the designer of the information gathered and begun thinking about, usually, designers should use these ideas in the form of the draft given to the customer, The plan to have the entire site structure, a different layout. design and navigation; 3. integrated content, When the decision of the architect's design, designers have begun to produce some initial drawings, These designs use as Photoshop to create the procedure, and then, designers will design printed with words; 4.HTML layout and navigation, when the client agreed to the contents integrated, designers have begun the preparation of Web pages, navigation devices were also prepared to pages, so that customers first real experience; 5. graphics production, if a customer agreed to the site and the appearance of feelings, designers will be produced for the graphics, and optimization; 6. content flow, client use of written materials web technologies (CSS, JAVA, FLASH), an organic and related to the integration of graphics; 7. testing, the site has been submitted to the client before Designers must thoroughly test each Web page and link, use of the list for repair; 8. delivery, once the receipt, regular customers to the test, to identify the contents and layout mistakes, finish these minor amendments, Site was officially opened. Such a program may take 1 -12 months to complete. The average completion time of four months. When the site opens, to conduct a follow-up survey to determine how people use site. After six-12 months after the operation, re-collection of data and started to re-design, Then the Web design process begin again. Report : Web design experience - from microsoft.com for design as a design supervisor, Peter Stern has led microsoft.com redesign of the home page and the development of five different interactive tools that were used to download center, product catalogs, configuration files, Search and registration on-line functions. He several internal tool for the design of the user interface, and is committed to creating will be released later this year, the next generation Home. From the title, You may think that my primary concern is microsoft.com Web site thousands of web page design . Indeed, such is my concern. Visual appeal is important, but it is only the work of a small part of it. But the ultimate purpose is to ensure that the entire site was operating normally. I mean, people usually visit microsoft.com. it is not as works of art to appreciate. But in order to obtain the product information, or there are some technical issues need advice, or read the developer journals. Therefore, the website design should be as clear and structured, so they can easily find the required information. Web site design during the design -- in the design process -- forms must be subordinated to function. We applied this method to the site throughout the design process. Of course, we have the latest Web tools, and can be various visualization of small accessories posted on the website. However, we believe this will not be beneficial for visitors to provide an effective service. In fact, I have always found that some sites will not focus on the functional constituencies. Common errors include : inconsistent user interface elements. For example, with a component in different pages on different functions, or with a corresponding number of functional user interface controls. Navigation bar position inconsistent. Decide what site pages and functional needs of the site of any page can be to visit. This is the consistency should be maintained "overall navigation bar." Less attention or simply not paying attention to the basic graphic design principles, such as typesetting style, color and layout design. Related elements and functions of the random group. Attention to the elements placed on the website for the location and purpose. This will help visitors from other neighboring choice and location to infer a link function. So that the website is too big to allow visitors through a typical modem speed Internet connection for lengthy download. This is not to say that the use of graphics, but you need to amplify them. then use the appropriate compression and optimization of their color index. Now the Web site, many problems still exist, it is not surprising. After all, Web design "art" is still a relatively new thing. In four or five years ago, Web pages or even ordinary. At that time, people seem to think that the Web site will attract visitors simply because they exist -- and, It may be that in certain circumstances such methods are indeed effective. But these sites is very difficult to do, and more importantly, they really difficult to use. Next, enter "see what we can do" stage, the website added a lot of animation, sound files, and other additional pieces, visitors to take a long time to download. But no amount of real content. Today's Web designers have learned their predecessors experience and the lessons learned. Good sites tend to simplify and quick, but also the function has improved. This is the goal of Microsoft, And we the first to acknowledge his own mistakes (see "Microsoft's Web History," a look at the past The Home Design). Design error is not always obvious. Sometimes the design of a small element of the movement or change will have little or no impact. However, in other cases, it may indeed have an impact on the functional pages. And if we learn from the past few years a number of things, That is a small Web page will change of the mode of operation is quite different. To clear the process to avoid similar problems. Our new services (such as the "search") or the creation of the key Web pages (such as Home) Design a clear process . Each item are certain started on the basis of that we have a benefit from our site's pages, Part or user interface elements of a product or service. Early in the product planning phase (phase 1), I was asked to design some initial model : general description of pages, part or function of the draft. Then products group plans to examine the products, see whether this service can microsoft.com visitors to really bring some tangible benefits. If the answer is "yes", then this project will be approved, we started writing project description (phase 2). In the first phase of a draft plan and based on the concept of creating and proposed a more comprehensive plan. At this time, We will begin general availability test (general will be writing to the model) to understand the potential users will plan to do the design And what kind of reaction. In the final stages of development (stage 3), we plan to create operational prototype of Web services, and the availability of a comprehensive internal review and testing. Then completed Site Code, is amended procedural error, the final site through actual operation of the Web site to clients released. As you see, availability of the entire process, which plays an important role (see "to create an effective Web interface needs to seriously plan"). We will be able to run a user task time, so that we can in future versions of products Contrast the same test. We can use this method for measurement, to determine the function of a re-design to customers of any real value. Also, We will carefully observe to see whether the availability of object can be calculated on the proper use of new features -- what we call " found that "methods. Sometimes this has provided us with some challenges. For example : In our site, the search engine type in a word or phrase will produce a result. Then we ask the user to choose which results in the search for a more detailed search and orientation of a page or resources. But even in "Search within results" were clearly marked on the label in the dark, very few people were familiar with it. Some users think that they are beginning a new search, and possibly fruitless. We are addressing this problem and to ensure that customers can use microsoft.com all the rich features to enhance their awareness of this site. Option "in the context of search results," he looked very intuitive, but not very easily found. This issue has been beset us in the design of one of the issues. Final stage roughly speaking, the site is designed to lead to a conflict between the need to strike a balance of art. On one hand, I have to site design is simple and user-friendly as possible. Moreover, I have to ensure that all site a powerful tool for experienced users use. Meanwhile, I would also like to internal customer service -- Microsoft products group -- for services with special needs. So every day I have to be resolved some very difficult issues, often in very urgent cases. I found this work is inspiring and interesting. The need for more vocational very skilled professionals. I had gone through a series of very general process -- in the university studying graphic arts, Then in multimedia design company CD-ROM Finally joined Microsoft and the development of applications -- will be the job. Very strange, when I apply for (and receive) of this work, I had never designed a Web page. But I extensive design experience has proved to be very useful. And I think that has proved motto "success is the design of the successful design" (whatever the media). Many of Web design is unique, and solutions to these problems of any media is the same. For those prospective Web designers, my suggestion is that they should try to expand the design background. Today should ensure that some Web design work as an interactive part of the training -- the majority of schools already have good design their accession course. But in typesetting, color theory, layout and production of solid technology will continue to be particularly valuable. In the future, Web designers will continue to be required to increase the pages of rich multimedia content, Web site for the visibility and maneuverability of a new increase in the complexity and technical requirements. As a CD-ROM / multimedia designer must have asked me to graphic design, video and audio production, Animation and other aspects of knowledge and creative ability. My prediction is that Web designers will also develop in these areas. Microsoft.com belonging to our -- on the Internet and elsewhere - - it should be a very interesting future. Know your audience. Investigation to see whether those who visit your site and why they should visit. Novice or occasional users access to the Web and software developers are very different than the interests and needs of site. Your site to help visitors example. For your audience to provide the necessary information. Make consistent navigation elements, and to ensure the highest rate of visits to the region obvious markings, they were easy to find. The use of clear information. Ensuring that users understand the context of this page, and they need to know what to do. If in the course of registration to user input your name, then said bluntly. Do not allow visitors to calculate what their own, they would feel frustrated, therefore transferred to other more simple site (for example, your competitor's site!) . Maintaining consistency. Although different change the appearance of Web pages is not difficult, but that does not mean that you should do so.

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